SINTEF PN26-00117 Tilknytning Ladestasjoner Med Vilkar (2026)

SINTEF Energi Prosjektnotat PN26:00117 — Erfaringer og behov for tilknytning av ladestasjoner med vilkår (Astrid Lye Moum, Daniel Bjerkehagen; v1.0, 12 June 2026, 28pp; open). Commissioned within the MegaCharge consortium (a Grønn Plattform project backed by the Research Council of Norway, Innovasjon Norge, and Siva), extending earlier FORSEL-project mapping of Norwegian DSO conditional-connection practice. Also covered in a MegaCharge news article, “Manglende standardisering kan bremse utbygging av ladestasjoner” (megacharge.net).

Why this matters for the wiki: this is an EV-charging-sector-specific study of TMV (tilknytning med vilkår) — Norway’s direct equivalent of Swedish villkorade avtal — that explicitly benchmarks against, and recommends learning from, Sweden’s own standardization work.

Summary

Based on interviews with charging operators, transport companies, a consultancy, and a Swedish industry association, plus prior SINTEF/FORSEL research.

Main findings:

• Lack of standardization is the single biggest barrier to scaling TMV — across the connection process, condition design, contract content, and technical solutions alike. Charging operators face different requirements from every individual DSO, forcing custom solutions each time and raising both cost and uncertainty for DSOs too.
• Even very low minimum supply (5–10%) has outsized value. A small guaranteed minimum after curtailment substantially increases the likelihood that a charging operator will accept a TMV agreement — it prevents technical problems from full disconnection (e.g. needing to physically dispatch staff to reconnect) and materially improves the business case, while remaining low enough to usually be operationally safe for the grid.
• Predictability and advance notice carry very high value — even relatively short notice (1–2 hours) lets operators mitigate the consequences of a curtailment, e.g. by redirecting fleet customers to other charging stations.
• Charging operators are broadly positive about IT-based load control (OpenADR) and technically ready to implement it — but willingness to invest in the necessary control system depends on curtailment actually being a realistic probability, and on standardization keeping integration costs down.
• Heavy-transport electrification is early but accelerating, driven by larger operators with sustainability targets and financial flexibility to experiment; smaller operators are held back by high investment costs, uncertain residual values, and limited charging access. Depot/overnight charging is preferred and most cost-effective; public en-route fast charging is still seen as unreliable, expensive, and underbuilt.

Sweden case study (§3.3): Energiföretagen Sverige’s 2023 industry recommendation for OpenADR as the communication protocol for conditional connections, plus a 2025 technical supplement — already well documented in this wiki (Source - Energiföretagen Branschrekommendation Conditional Grid Connections (2023), Source - Energiföretagen Supplement Conditional Grid Connections (2025)). What this report adds: why the Swedish process worked, per Energiföretagen’s own account to the researchers — the choice of protocol itself mattered less than simply having a shared standard, and deliberately keeping protocol choice separate from contract-terms and implementation-detail discussions made consensus achievable. Names E.ON and Ellevio as the DSOs that have implemented OpenADR-based solutions, and restates the Swedish minimum-supply principle: consumption should never be cut to zero — the customer keeps a minimum share of capacity so that basic functions (billing systems, control-room communication) keep working. The report frames Sweden as further along than Norway but not yet fully standardized either.

Recommendations: the Norwegian industry should undertake a holistic standardization effort for TMV, explicitly incorporating lessons from Sweden; DSOs should consider offering minimum-supply and graduated curtailment where grid conditions allow; better tools are needed to estimate expected curtailment frequency/duration so customers can properly assess TMV risk before accepting.

Relevance to wiki topics